{
  "version": "2026-11-12.1",
  "subjects": [
    {
      "id": "kavya",
      "label": "Kāvya / Literature",
      "description": "Literary poetry, prose, stories and anthologies; verse form alone is not sufficient."
    },
    {
      "id": "drama",
      "label": "Nāṭaka / Drama",
      "description": "Plays and dramatic literature."
    },
    {
      "id": "poetics",
      "label": "Alaṅkāra / Poetics",
      "description": "Poetics, rhetoric, literary criticism and aesthetics."
    },
    {
      "id": "prosody",
      "label": "Chandas / Prosody",
      "description": "Metre and prosody."
    },
    {
      "id": "grammar",
      "label": "Vyākaraṇa / Grammar",
      "description": "Grammar, linguistic analysis, verbal roots and grammatical word lists."
    },
    {
      "id": "lexicography",
      "label": "Kośa / Lexicography",
      "description": "Dictionaries, vocabularies and lexicons, including specialist medical lexicons."
    },
    {
      "id": "veda",
      "label": "Veda",
      "description": "Vedic texts, Upaniṣads, Vedic recitation, phonetics and exegesis."
    },
    {
      "id": "epic_purana",
      "label": "Itihāsa & Purāṇa",
      "description": "Epics, Purāṇas and identifiable extracts or commentaries."
    },
    {
      "id": "dharma",
      "label": "Dharmaśāstra / Law & Duties",
      "description": "Religious law, customary duties, inheritance, purity and expiation."
    },
    {
      "id": "ethics",
      "label": "Nīti / Ethics & Statecraft",
      "description": "Ethical instruction, didactic works, political conduct and statecraft."
    },
    {
      "id": "ritual",
      "label": "Ritual & Pūjā",
      "description": "Sacrifice, worship, saṃskāras, śrāddha, vrata and practical ritual manuals."
    },
    {
      "id": "devotional",
      "label": "Stotra & Devotion",
      "description": "Hymns, prayers, devotional songs, bhakti and hagiography across traditions."
    },
    {
      "id": "tantra",
      "label": "Tantra & Āgama",
      "description": "Tantric scriptures, initiation, mantra, yantra and associated esoteric practices."
    },
    {
      "id": "vedanta",
      "label": "Vedānta",
      "description": "Vedānta across its schools and associated commentarial works."
    },
    {
      "id": "nyaya",
      "label": "Nyāya & Vaiśeṣika",
      "description": "Logic, epistemology, categories and the associated philosophical systems."
    },
    {
      "id": "mimamsa",
      "label": "Mīmāṃsā",
      "description": "Pūrvamīmāṃsā, Vedic interpretation and ritual hermeneutics."
    },
    {
      "id": "samkhya",
      "label": "Sāṃkhya",
      "description": "Sāṃkhya philosophy and its commentarial literature."
    },
    {
      "id": "yoga",
      "label": "Yoga",
      "description": "Pātañjala Yoga, haṭhayoga and related contemplative practice; medical uses of yoga do not qualify by themselves."
    },
    {
      "id": "astronomy",
      "label": "Astronomy",
      "description": "Astronomical calculations, planetary motion, eclipses and calendrics."
    },
    {
      "id": "astrology",
      "label": "Astrology",
      "description": "Horoscopes, muhūrta, annual predictions and astrological interpretation."
    },
    {
      "id": "mathematics",
      "label": "Gaṇita / Mathematics",
      "description": "Arithmetic, algebra, geometry and mathematical methods."
    },
    {
      "id": "divination",
      "label": "Divination & Omens",
      "description": "Ramala, dreams, bird omens and other prognostic practices."
    },
    {
      "id": "medicine",
      "label": "Āyurveda / Medicine",
      "description": "Medicine, pharmacology, therapeutic preparations and veterinary medicine."
    },
    {
      "id": "alchemy",
      "label": "Rasaśāstra / Alchemy",
      "description": "Alchemy, pharmaceutical processing and metallurgical preparations."
    },
    {
      "id": "practical",
      "label": "Arts & Practical Knowledge",
      "description": "Practical disciplines not covered elsewhere, such as architecture, letter-writing, geography and cookery; not a fallback for unidentified works."
    },
    {
      "id": "music",
      "label": "Saṅgīta / Music",
      "description": "Musical theory and practice."
    },
    {
      "id": "erotics",
      "label": "Kāmaśāstra / Erotics",
      "description": "Erotology and works on sexual conduct; romantic poetry alone does not qualify."
    },
    {
      "id": "pilgrimage",
      "label": "Tīrtha / Pilgrimage",
      "description": "Pilgrimage, sacred geography, descriptions of sacred places and their observances."
    }
  ],
  "traditions": [
    {
      "id": "buddhist",
      "label": "Buddhist",
      "description": "Explicitly Buddhist or securely identifiable Buddhist textual associations."
    },
    {
      "id": "jaina",
      "label": "Jaina",
      "description": "Explicitly Jaina or securely identifiable Jaina textual associations."
    },
    {
      "id": "sikh",
      "label": "Sikh",
      "description": "Sikh textual, liturgical or biographical associations."
    },
    {
      "id": "sufi",
      "label": "Sufi",
      "description": "Explicit Sufi textual associations."
    },
    {
      "id": "shaiva",
      "label": "Śaiva",
      "description": "Textual affiliation or sustained devotion to Śiva; not a claim about the manuscript owner's religion."
    },
    {
      "id": "vaishnava",
      "label": "Vaiṣṇava",
      "description": "Textual affiliation or sustained devotion to Viṣṇu and his avatāras; not a claim about the manuscript owner's religion."
    },
    {
      "id": "shakta",
      "label": "Śākta",
      "description": "Textual affiliation or sustained devotion to Devī; not a claim about the manuscript owner's religion."
    }
  ],
  "confidence_labels": {
    "supported": "Supported by the available catalogue evidence; not independently human-verified.",
    "uncertain": "An inferred or ambiguous classification. See its evidence before relying on it."
  },
  "unclassified_policy": "An entry without sufficient subject evidence remains visibly unclassified. Absence of a tradition tag means unspecified, not absence of a religious affiliation."
}